Breast Cancer Screening with Mammogram

Purpose of a mammogram

Mammograms are performed for two main purposes:

• Diagnostic mammograms: These are used to evaluate unusual breast changes, such as lumps, pain, changes in the skin, nipple discharge, or thickening. They are also utilised when unexpected findings appear on a screening mammogram. Diagnostic mammograms often involve additional images to provide a clearer view of the affected area.
• Screening mammograms: are conducted to detect potential signs of cancer in individuals without symptoms. The aim is to identify cancer at an early stage when treatment options are more effective and less invasive.

The recommended frequency for mammograms varies among medical organisations, so it is important to discuss your risk factors and preferences with your medical professional to determine the best screening schedule for you.

Potential limitations and risks

While mammograms are generally safe and beneficial, they do come with some risks and limitations:

• Additional testing: If abnormalities are detected, further tests, such as ultrasound or a biopsy, may be required. However, many findings from mammograms turn out to be benign.
• Radiation exposure: Mammograms use low-dose radiation, which is considered safe. For most individuals, the benefits far overshadow the minimal risk associated with this level of exposure.
• Aggressive cancers: While early detection improves outcomes, certain types of breast cancer grow and spread rapidly, making them more challenging to treat, even if detected early.
• Incomplete detection: Not all cancers are visible on mammograms. Tumours in areas like the armpit or those that are very small may be missed. Additionally, some cancers detected through physical examination may not appear on a mammogram.

Mammogram procedure

Preparing for your mammogram

To ensure accurate results, consider the following preparation tips:

• Avoid certain products: Do not apply deodorants, antiperspirants, lotions, powders, or perfumes on the day of the test. These products may contain metallic particles that could interfere with the images.
• Timing: Schedule your mammogram for a time when your breasts are least likely to be sensitive, typically during the week after menstruation has occurred.
• Previous images: If you have undergone mammograms at another facility, request copies of those images to bring with you. This allows the radiologist to compare past results with new ones.

During the test

At the facility, you will be provided with a gown and asked to remove any jewellery and clothing from the waist upwards. You will then stand in front of an X-ray machine designed for mammography.

A medical professional will position one of your breasts on a flat surface, adjusting it to suit your height. A clear plastic plate will gently press your breast against the platform, spreading out the tissue to capture detailed images. While the compression may cause some discomfort, it is brief and helps ensure image clarity.

You will need to remain still and hold your breath during the X-ray. The process is then repeated for the other breast as well.

After the Procedure

Once the images are taken, your medical professional might ask you to wait while your images are checked to ensure that they are clear and complete. If necessary, some parts of the test may be repeated. The entire process typically takes less than 30 minutes, after which you can resume your normal activities.

Results collection

The X-ray images are reviewed by a radiology expert, who examines them for signs of cancer or other abnormalities. A report is then sent to your medical professional, who will discuss the findings with you. Be sure to ask your medical professional when and how you will receive your results.

Conclusion

For more information or to schedule a mammogram, please contact us today.